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href='/jianzao2/ziliao/'>復習資料</a> > 正文 </div>   <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="main clearfix layout msf"> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="l-news fl">  <h1>2017二建市政工程知識：隧道測量?jì)热?/h1> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="tit clearfix pr"> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="tit-l fl">2016-12-20 15：59　　來(lái)源：<a href="" title="來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò )" class="ly">來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò )</a>　　字體：<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_self" class="big lan">大</a><a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_self" class="small lan">小</a>　　<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_self" onclick="javascript:window.print()" title="打印" class="lan">打印</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_self" title="收藏" class="sc collection-btn"><i></i><em>收藏</em></a> </div>  <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="scblock" style="display: none;"> <img src="/images/news/news2019/green.png" alt=""> <div> <h3>收藏成功</h3> <p>請在我的網(wǎng)校我的家中查看</p> </div> </div>  </div> <p><font size="4"><img width="35" height="16" alt="" src="http://m.zcjx68.com/upload/html/2019/01/14/zh20ed2933997643e2b23456f6b980ec6c.png" /> </font><a target="_blank" href="http://m.zcjx68.com/jianzao2/project/" title="2025年二級建造師新課熱招中搶跑趁現在"><strong><font color="#ff9900" size="3">2025年二級建造師新課熱招中搶跑趁現在</font></strong></a></p> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="news clearfix txt2"> <p>　　一、洞外控制測量：首先要建立洞外平面和高程控制網(wǎng)，每一開(kāi)挖口附近都應設立平面控制點(diǎn)和高程控制點(diǎn)，作為施工放樣的依據。</p> <p>　　二、洞外、洞內的聯(lián)系測量：根據洞外控制測量的結果，測算洞口控制點(diǎn)的坐標和高程，同時(shí)按設計要求計算洞內待定點(diǎn)的設計坐標和高程，并放樣出洞門(mén)內的待定點(diǎn)點(diǎn)位，這就是洞外和洞內的聯(lián)系測量（也稱(chēng)進(jìn)洞測量）。進(jìn)洞測量將洞外的坐標、方向和高程引測到隧道內，使洞內和洞外建立了統一坐標和高程系統。</p> <p>　　三、洞內控制測量：包括洞內平面控制測量和洞內高程控制測量。</p> <p>　　四、隧道洞內的施工測量包括：洞門(mén)的施工放樣、洞內中線(xiàn)測量、腰線(xiàn)的測設、掘進(jìn)方向的測設、開(kāi)挖斷面及結構物的施工放樣。</p> <p>　　五、隧道施工中的位移觀(guān)測：主要解決的是圍巖和結構建筑物內部位移變化和應變發(fā)展規律，以及洞壁各點(diǎn)間的相對位移變化。</p> <p>　?。ㄒ唬\埋隧道地表下沉量的測定：淺埋隧道通常位于軟弱破碎巖層，穩定性較差，在V～Ⅵ級圍巖中，當隧道覆蓋層厚度對于單線(xiàn)隧道小于20m，雙線(xiàn)隧道小于40m時(shí)，施工中往往出現拱部圍巖受拉區連通，這種拉裂破壞情況成為洞體穩定的主要威脅。必須進(jìn)行地表沉降監控測量，預測可能發(fā)生的危險?，F場(chǎng)一般埋設標志點(diǎn)采用精密水準儀觀(guān)測。</p> <p>　?。ǘ┬聤W法施工變形觀(guān)測：隧道變形觀(guān)測是為確定圍巖穩定、掌握支護效果而進(jìn)行的；是對預先設計支護參數的確認或修正依據；是對施工方法驗證和改進(jìn)的依據；要貫穿于整個(gè)施工過(guò)程的工作?，F場(chǎng)一般采取埋設星形觀(guān)測點(diǎn)，采用收斂?jì)x觀(guān)測。</p> <p>　　六、竣工測量包括：隧道斷面凈空測量，中線(xiàn)、高程的測量及控制中線(xiàn)基樁和永久水準點(diǎn)測設。</p> <p>　　竣工測量后一般要求提供下列圖表：隧道長(cháng)度表、凈空表、隧道回填斷面圖、水準點(diǎn)表、中樁表、斷鏈表、坡度表。</p><div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="editor">【<a href="http://m.zcjx68.com/jiucuo/" target="_blank">我要糾錯</a>】責任編輯：大明白</div> <a href="" target="_blank" title="刷題寶"><img src="/upload/resources/image/2025/08/05/602765.png" alt="刷題寶" class="banner"></a>   <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="share clearfix"> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="info-share fl"> <div id="gwr18lkl3dc" class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more">分享到：</a><a title="分享到微信" href="#" 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